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Oriented Electrical Steel (OES) is a special type of silicon steel sheet. During the manufacturing process, the grains are arranged in a specific direction through processing and heat treatment. This ordered grain structure gives the oriented silicon steel sheets unique magnetic properties and excellent magnetic permeability properties.
The manufacturing process of oriented silicon steel sheets usually involves high-temperature heating and cooling processes. During the heating process, the grains in the silicon steel sheet first enter the high magnetic permeability direction, and then solidify to this direction through rapid cooling, thereby forming a preferred magnetic permeability direction in the entire material. This magnetic permeability direction is usually consistent with the rolling direction of the sheet, giving the oriented silicon steel sheet excellent magnetic properties in a specific direction.
Grain-oriented silicon steel sheet has high magnetic permeability and low hysteresis loss, which makes it of great application value in various power equipment. In power equipment such as transformers, motors, and generators, oriented silicon steel sheets can effectively concentrate and guide the magnetic field, reduce energy loss, and improve the efficiency and performance of the equipment. At the same time, oriented silicon steel sheets also have noise reduction and anti-vibration properties, helping to reduce noise and vibration of power equipment.
Raw Material Selection: The process begins with the selection of high-quality silicon steel as the base material. The silicon steel used for OES production has a low carbon content and is specifically formulated for optimal magnetic properties.
Hot Rolling: The selected silicon steel is heated to a high temperature and passed through a series of rolling mills. This process reduces the thickness of the material while simultaneously elongating the grains in the preferred direction.
Annealing: After hot rolling, the material goes through an annealing process. It involves heating the silicon steel to a specific temperature and then slowly cooling it down. Annealing helps relieve internal stresses and promotes the formation of the desired crystallographic texture.
Cold Rolling: The annealed silicon steel is then passed through a series of cold rolling mills. Cold rolling further reduces the material’s thickness and refines its grain structure to enhance its magnetic properties.
Decarburization and Insulation Coating: To minimize losses and improve electrical insulation properties, the surface of the silicon steel is often subjected to decarburization. This involves removing a thin layer of carbon-rich material from the surface. Additionally, an insulation coating may be applied to further enhance electrical insulation.
Final Annealing: The material undergoes a final annealing process to optimize its magnetic properties and relieve any residual stresses generated during the manufacturing process.
Shearing and Shaping: After the final annealing, the oriented electrical steel is sheared and shaped into the desired dimensions and forms, such as laminations or cores, depending on the intended application.
| Type | Grade | Thickness
(mm) |
Theoretical Density
(kg/dm3) |
Core Loss Value P17/50 (W/kg) | Magnetic Induction B8(T) |
| Common | B23G110 | 0.23 | 7.65 | 1.1 | 1.8 |
| B23G120 | 1.2 | 1.8 | |||
| B27G120 | 0.27 | 7.65 | 1.2 | 1.8 | |
| B27G130 | 1.3 | 1.8 | |||
| B30G120 | 0.3 | 7.65 | 1.2 | 1.8 | |
| B30G130 | 1.3 | 1.8 | |||
| B30G140 | 1.4 | 1.8 | |||
| B35G135 | 0.35 | 7.65 | 1.35 | 1.8 | |
| B35G145 | 1.45 | 1.8 | |||
| B35G155 | 1.55 | 1.8 | |||
| High magnetic induction | B23P090 | 0.23 | 7.65 | 0.9 | 1.87 |
| B23P095 | 0.95 | 1.87 | |||
| B23P100 | 1 | 1.87 | |||
| B27P095 | 0.27 | 7.65 | 0.95 | 1.88 | |
| B27P100 | 1 | 1.88 | |||
| B27P110 | 1.1 | 1.88 | |||
| 330P100 | 0.3 | 7.65 | 1 | 1.88 | |
| B30P105 | 1.05 | 1.88 | |||
| B30P110 | 1.1 | 1.88 | |||
| B30P120 | 1.2 | 1.88 | |||
| B35P115 | 0.35 | 7.65 | 1.15 | 1.88 | |
| B35P125 | 1.25 | 1.88 | |||
| B35P135 | 1.35 | 1.88 | |||
| High magnetic induction (Magnetic domain refinement) | B23R080 | 0.23 | 7.65 | 0.8 | 1.87 |
| B23R085 | 0.85 | 1.87 | |||
| B23R090 | 0.9 | 1.87 | |||
| B27R090 | 0.27 | 7.65 | 0.9 | 1.87 | |
| B27R095 | 0.95 | 1.87 |
Grain Orientation: The distinctive characteristic of OES is the ordered arrangement of grains in a specific direction. This grain orientation is achieved through controlled heating, rolling, and annealing processes, resulting in improved magnetic properties.
High Magnetic Permeability: OES exhibits high magnetic permeability, allowing it to efficiently concentrate and guide magnetic flux. This property is crucial in applications such as transformers, where effective magnetic conduction is essential for energy transfer.
Low Core Losses: The manufacturing process of OES, including annealing and surface treatments, contributes to low core losses. This is vital in electrical devices like transformers and electric motors, where minimizing energy losses is critical for efficiency.
Reduced Hysteresis Loss: The low hysteresis loss of OES is attributed to its well-aligned crystallographic structure. This property is advantageous in applications requiring minimal energy dissipation and improved energy efficiency.
Insulation Properties: OES often undergoes treatments such as decarburization and insulation coating to enhance electrical insulation. This is important for preventing electrical losses and ensuring the safe and efficient operation of electrical equipment.
Shape Customization: After the manufacturing process, OES can be sheared and shaped into specific forms, such as laminations or cores, to suit the requirements of different electrical devices. This flexibility in shaping allows for tailored solutions in various applications.
Noise Reduction and Vibration Resistance: OES possesses characteristics that contribute to noise reduction and vibration resistance in electrical devices. This is particularly beneficial in applications where minimizing sound and mechanical disturbances is essential.
Wide Application Range: Due to its unique combination of magnetic properties, OES finds widespread use in electrical equipment such as transformers, electric motors, and generators. Its application extends to industries where efficient energy transfer and low losses are critical factors.
Transformers: OES is widely used in the core of transformers. The ordered grain orientation and high magnetic permeability contribute to efficient magnetic conduction, allowing for effective energy transfer with minimal losses. The low core losses and reduced hysteresis loss make OES a preferred material for transformers, ensuring high efficiency.
Electric Motors: OES is employed in the cores of electric motors, where its magnetic properties enhance the motor’s efficiency. The low core losses and reduced hysteresis loss are advantageous in minimizing energy dissipation, contributing to improved overall performance and energy efficiency of electric motors.
Generators: OES finds application in the cores of generators for similar reasons as in transformers and electric motors. The ordered grain orientation and high magnetic permeability facilitate efficient energy transfer, and the low core losses contribute to the overall efficiency of the generator.
Inductors and Chokes: In applications where magnetic properties are crucial, such as inductors and chokes, OES is utilized to achieve desired magnetic characteristics. The ability to customize the shape of OES allows for tailored solutions in these components.
Power Distribution Equipment: OES is employed in various power distribution equipment where magnetic properties are essential for effective energy transmission. Its low core losses and high magnetic permeability contribute to minimizing energy losses in the distribution process.
Renewable Energy Systems: OES is used in components of renewable energy systems, such as wind turbines and solar inverters. Its magnetic properties play a crucial role in the efficiency of power generation and distribution in these systems.
Electrical Appliances: In applications where magnetic properties are important for the functioning of electrical appliances, OES may be used. This includes items like magnetic sensors and other components where efficient energy transfer is vital.
Automotive Applications: OES can find application in certain automotive components where magnetic properties are required, such as in electric vehicles and systems where efficient energy transfer is critical.
