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By definition, non-oriented silicon steel, also known as non-grain-oriented silicon steel, NGO silicon steel, or non-oriented electrical steel, is a ferrosilicon soft magnetic alloy with very low carbon content. It is made by adding silicon to low-carbon steel. This helps to increase the resistivity and magnetic permeability of iron and reduce coercive force, core loss, and magnetic aging, making it more efficient for electrical applications. The silicon content is typically around 1.5%-3%. The “non-oriented” means its grain structure is randomly oriented after deforming and annealing.
Moreover, non-grain-oriented silicon steel is mainly divided into two types: semi-processed and fully processed. There is also a wide range of insulation coating that can be applied on the NGO silicon depending on the applications and your requirements.
The production processes of non-oriented silicon steel are as follows:
Blast Furnace — Torpedo Tanker — Change Furnace — Furnace External Refining — Hot Rolling — Pickling — Cold Rolling — Annealed Coating — Sub-volume — Package
| Class | Nominal Thickness (mm) | Theoretical Density (kg/dm3) | Core Loss Value P15/50 (W/kg) | Specified Value of Magnetic Flux Density Peak Value B50 (T) | Specified Value of Stacking Coefficient |
| 35WW250 | 0.35 | 7.60 | 2.30 | 1.62 | 95.0 |
| 35WW270 | 7.65 | 2.50 | |||
| 35WW300 | 2.70 | – | |||
| 35WW360 | 3.00 | 1.63 | |||
| 35WW400 | 3.60 | 1.64 | |||
| 35WW440 | 7.7 | 4.00 | 1.65 | ||
| 50WW250 | 0.5 | 7.60 | 2.30 | 1.62 | 97.0 |
| 50WW270 | 2.50 | 1.65 | |||
| 50WW290 | 2.70 | 1.62 | |||
| 50WW310 | 7.65 | 2.90 | 1.62 | ||
| 50WW350 | 3.10 | 1.62 | |||
| 50WW400 | 3.50 | 1.63 | |||
| 50WW470 | 7.70 | 4.00 | 1.64 | ||
| 50WW600 | 0.5 | 7.75 | 4.70 | 1.66 | 97.0 |
| 50WW700 | 7.80 | 6.00 | 1.67 | ||
| 50WW800 | 7.00 | 1.68 | |||
| 50WW1000 | 7.85 | 8.00 | 1.70 | ||
| 50WW1300 | 10.00 | 1.72 |
Features of non-oriented silicon steel include:
– Low core loss and low hysteresis. This allows for efficient energy transfer and reduces heat generation.
– Simple design. It has a uniform thickness, high dimension accuracy, and a smooth surface.
– Good magnetic property. Non-grain-oriented steel, on the other hand, has even magnetic properties in the rolling direction and in other directions, i.e., it is isotropic.
– High electrical resistivity. Compared to grain-oriented (GO) silicon steel, non-oriented silicon steel often has lower magnetic permeability and higher electrical resistivity. This makes it suitable for applications where the magnetic flux direction is not constant, such as in motors and generators with moving parts.
– High stacking coefficient. Non-oriented electrical steel can generally reach more than 98%.
– Excellent processing performance. High precision dimensions and excellent mechanical properties make it easy to be sheared, punched, and stacked by high-speed punching machines. It also has good welding performance.
– Excellent performance of insulation film. Both GO and NGO silicon steels are coated with high dielectric strength surface films that reduce magnetic losses caused by the eddy currents generated in an electrical machine’s core.
– Inexpensive. It is less expensive than grain-oriented silicon steel, making it a cost-effective choice when efficiency is not the primary concern.
– Its Bs is higher than that of grain-oriented silicon steel.
NGO silicon steel products are widely used in power generation equipment, automobiles, industrial motors, and household appliances. The specific applications include:
– Iron core for various motors, generators, and transformers.
– Compressors for household appliances.
– Rotating machines for lighting systems and energy meters.
– Voltage stabilizer.
– Current regulators.
– Ceiling fans.
– reactors.
